| Brand Name: | YUHONG |
| Model Number: | ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Heat Exchanger Tube |
| MOQ: | 1000kgs |
| Packaging Details: | Ply-wooden Case /Iron Case/ Bundle with plastic Cap |
| Payment Terms: | L/C,T/T |
ASME SA213 / ASTM A213 T91 Alloy Steel Heat Exchanger Tube J Tube Bending
T91 is a modified 9Cr‑1Mo steel with controlled additions of vanadium, niobium and nitrogen. ASTM A213 T91 as a high-performance ferritic alloy steel specifically designed for elevated-temperature service in boilers, superheaters and heat exchangers.
A "J‑bend" is a tube formed with a 180° return bend where the two legs are of unequal length, resembling the letter J. This is distinct from a standard U‑bend (equal legs) and is often used in shell‑and‑tube heat exchangers to accommodate thermal expansion, particular nozzle locations, or to simplify tube‑bundle insertion.
Why Choose a J‑Bend Over a U‑Bend?
The primary technical driver is tube‑side flow equalisation. In a conventional U‑tube bundle, tubes with a smaller bend radius have a shorter flow path, leading to:
Lower hydraulic resistance in inner tubes
Preferential flow through inner tubes
Uneven heat transfer and potential overheating of some tubes
A J‑bend allows the designer to make the shorter leg of the inner tube longer, so that the total developed length (straight + bend) is the same for every tube in the bundle. The result is:
Uniform fluid velocity per tube
Balanced temperature profile across the bundle
Reduced risk of local hot spots or flow‑induced vibration
Equivalent Grades of ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 T5 Alloy Steel Seamless Tube
| STANDARD | WERKSTOFF NR. | UNS |
| ASTM A213/ASME SA213 T91 | 1.4903 | K90901 |
Chemical Compositions of ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 T91 Alloy Steel Seamless Tube
| C% | Mn% | P% | S% | Si% | Cr% | Mo% | Ni% | V% | Al% | Nb% | N% |
| 0.07~0.14 | 0.30~0.60 | 0.020 max | 0.020 max | 0.20~0.50 | 8.0~9.5 | 0.85~1.05 | 0.4 | 0.18~0.25 | 0.015 | 0.06~0.10 | 0.03~0.07 |
Mechanical Properties ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 T91 Alloy Steel Seamless Tube
| Tensile Strength , MPa | Yield Strength, MPa | Elongation, % | Hardness, HB |
| 585 min | 415 min | 20 min | 250 max |
ASTM A213/ASME SA213 T2, T11, T12, T22, T91, T92 Alloy Steel Tube Size Tolerance
| Outside Diameter | OD Tolerance | WT Tolerance | Ovality Tolerance | Cut Length Tolerance |
| OD≤ 12, 7 mm | ± 0, 13 mm | ± 15 % | – | + 3, 18 mm, – 0 mm |
| 12, 7 mm < OD ≤ 38, 1 mm | ± 0, 13 mm | ± 10 % | max, 1, 65 mm | + 3, 18 mm, – 0 mm |
| 38, 1 mm < OD ≤ 88, 9 mm | ± 0, 25 mm | ± 10 % | max, 2, 41 mm | + 4, 76 mm, – 0 mm |
Application
1. Ultra‑Supercritical (USC) Power Generation
2. Petrochemical & Refining – High‑Temperature Process Exchangers
3. Nuclear – Balance of Plant (Secondary Side)
4. Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) – Molten Salt Systems
5. Chemical & Process Industries – Heat Recovery
6. Boiler
7. Heat Excahnger