Accurate thermal calculation is the fundamental core of waste heat boiler performance design, guaranteeing equipment output, steam parameters, and overall thermal efficiency. The precise calculation and configuration of the heating surface area directly dictate the operational cost and lifecycle of the boiler system. Currently, variously designed finned tubes are extensively implemented in conventional power plants, circulating fluidized bed boilers, and waste heat recovery systems across energy-intensive industries such as metallurgy, building materials, and chemical engineering.

In advanced applications, such as gas turbine waste heat boilers, high-temperature exhaust gas transfers heat to the internal steam via the external tube surface. While finned tubes exponentially increase the heat transfer area and enhance thermal capacity, the external fins must continuously operate within a severely harsh, high-temperature flue gas environment.

Specifically, in the heating surface design of high-pressure superheaters and reheaters, the temperature gradient between the external flue gas and internal working fluid is extreme. If the fin tube structural design is inappropriate (e.g., specifying an excessive fin height), the temperature at the outer edge of the spiral fin (the fin tip temperature) can easily exceed the physical allowable temperature limit of the selected material. This inevitably leads to fin oxidation or burnout due to continuous overheating, severely compromising the operational reliability of the heat exchange equipment.

To ensure structural stability under extreme thermal loads and prevent heat transfer failure caused by high temperatures, engineering designs must rely on rigorous thermodynamic calculations for heating surface optimization.

In practical engineering, it is imperative to deeply investigate the heat transfer coefficients, aerodynamic resistance characteristics, and radial temperature gradient distributions of fin tubes with varying structural configurations. By precisely defining physical parameters (such as fin height, pitch, base tube outer diameter, and material temperature standards), a robust design calculation model can be established. This approach not only effectively mitigates thermal stress damage but also provides a scientific calculation methodology for the structural selection and systematic optimization of waste heat boiler heating surfaces.